Resources
Fact Sheet
About Nepal
- Country Name:
- Nepal
- Nationality:
- Nepali
- Capital:
- Kathmandu
- Government type:
- Federal Democratic Republics
- Administrative divisions:
- 14 zones (anchal, singular and plural); Bagmati, Bheri, Dhawalagiri, Gandaki, Janakpur, Karnali, Kosi, Lumbini, Mahakali, Mechi, Narayani, Rapti, Sagarmatha, Seti
- Location:
- Southern Asia, between China and India
- Geographic coordinates:
- 28 00 N, 84 00 E
- Map references
- Asia
- Area:
- Total: 147,181 sq km
- Land: 143,351 sq km
- Water: 3,830 sq km
- Land Boundaries:
- Total: 2,926 km
- Border Countries:
- China 1,236 km, India 1,690 km
- Climate
- varies from cool summers and severe winters in north to subtropical summers and mild winters in south
- Terrain:
- Tarai or flat river plain of the Ganges in south, central hill region, rugged Himalayas in north
- Elevation extremes:
- Lowest Point: Kanchan Kalan 70 m
- Highest Point: Mount Everest 8,850 m (highest point in Asia)
- Natural Resources:
- quartz, water, timber, hydropower, scenic beauty, small deposits of lignite, copper, cobalt, iron ore
- Land use:
- Arable land: 16%
- Permanent crops: 0.8%
- Other: 83.2% (2011)
- Irrigated land: 11,680 sq km (2003)
- GDP (purchasing power parity):
- $4.99 trillion (2013 est.)
- $4.833 trillion (2012 est.)
- $4.63 trillion (2011 est.)
- note: data are in 2013 US dollars
- GDP (official exchange rate):
- $1.67 trillion (2013 est.)
- GDP - real growth rate:
- 3.2% (2013 est.)
- 5.1% (2012 est.)
- 7.5% (2011 est.)
- GDP - per capita (PPP):
- $4,000 (2013 est.)
- $3,900 (2012 est.)
- $3,800 (2011 est.)
- note: data are in 2013 US dollars
- Population:
- 30, 986,975 (July 2014 est.)
- Age structure:
- 0-14 years: 31.6% (male 4,989,268/female 4,805,381)
- 15-24 Years: 22.6% (male 3,521,421/ female 3,484,203)
- 25-54 years: 35.7% (male 5,273,079/female 5,775,404)
- 55-64 Years: 5.6% (male: 847,431/ female 886,760)
- 65 years and over: 4.5% (male 648,917/female 755,111) (2014 est.)
- Median age:
- total: 22.9 years
- male: 22.2 years
- female: 23.6 years (2014 est.)
- Population growth rate:
- 1.82% (2014 est.)
- Birth rate:
- 6.62 deaths/1,000 population (July 2014 est.)
- Death rate:
- 6.62 deaths/1,000 population (July 2014 est.)
- Net migration rate:
- 3.71 migrant(s)/1,000 population (20140 est.)
- Urbanization:
- urban population: 17% of total population (2011)
- rate of urbanization: 3.62 annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
- Sex ratio:
- at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female
- 0 -14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
- 15-24 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
- 25-54 years: 0.91 male(s)/female
- 55-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female
- 65 years and over: 0.87 male(s)/female
- total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2014 est.)
- Infant mortality rate:
- total: 40.43 deaths/1,000 live births
- male: 40.5 deaths/1,000 live births
- female: 40.35 deaths/1,000 live births (2014 est.)
- Life expectancy at birth:
- total population: 67.19 years
- male: 65.88 years
- female: 66.56 years (2014 est.)
- Total fertility rate:
- 2.3 children born/woman (2014 est.)
- Chief of state:
- President Ram Baran YADAV (since 23 July 2008); Vice President Paramananda JHA (since 23 July 2008)
- Head of government:
- Prime Minister Sushil KOIRALA (since 11 February 2014)
- Cabinet:
- Prime Minister Koirala on 25 February 2014 appointed the cabinet ministers; the cabinet is dominated by the Nepali Congress and the Communist Party of Nepal-United Marxist-Leninist (For more information visit the World Leaders website )
- Elections:
- president elected by Parliament; term extends until the new constitution is promulgated; president elected on 21 July 2008 (next election NA)
- Election Results:
- Ram Baran YADAV elected president by the Constituent Assembly in second round; Ram Baran YADAV 308 votes, Ram Jaja Prasad SINGH 282
- Ethnic Groups:
- Chhettri 16.6%, Brahman-Hill 12.2%, Magar 7.1%, Tharu 6.6%, Tamang 5.8%, Newar 5%, Kami 4.8%, Muslim 4.4%, Yadav 4%, Rai 2.3%, Gurung 2%, Damai/Dholii 1.8%, Thakuri 1.6%, Limbu 1.5%, Sarki 1.4%, Teli 1.4%, Chamar/Harijan/Ram 1.3%, Koiri/Kushwaha 1.2%, other 19%
- Note: 125 caste/ethnic groups were reported in the 2011 national census (2011 est.)
- Languages:
- Nepali (official) 44.6%, Maithali 11.7%, Bhojpuri 6%, Tharu 5.8%, Tamang 5.1%, Newar 3.2%, Magar 3%, Bajjika 3%, Urdu 2.6%, Avadhi 1.9%, Limbu 1.3%, Gurung 1.2%, other 10.4%, unspecified 0.2%
- Note: 123 languages reported as mother tongue in 2011 national census; many in government and business also speak English (2011 est.)
Source: CIA World Factbook
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About India
- Country Name:
- India
- Nationality:
- Indian
- Capital:
- New Delhi
- Government type:
- Federal Republic
- Administrative divisions:
- 29 states and 7 union territories*; Andaman and Nicobar Islands*, Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chandigarh*, Chhattisgarh, Dadra and Nagar Haveli*, Daman and Diu*, Delhi*, Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Kerala, Lakshadweep*, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Odisha, Puducherry*, Punjab, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Tripura, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, West Bengal
- Location:
- Southern Asia, bordering the Arabian Sea and the Bay of Bengal, between Burma and Pakistan
- Geographic coordinates:
- 20 00 N, 77 00 E
- Map references
- Asia
- Area:
- Total: 3,287,263 sq km
- Land: 2,973,193 sq km
- Water: 314,070 sq km
- Land Boundaries:
- Total: 13,888 km
- Border Countries:
- Bangladesh 4,142 km, Bhutan 659 km, Burma 1,468 km, China 2,659 km, Nepal 1,770 km, Pakistan 3,190 km
- Climate
- varies from tropical monsoon in south to temperate in north
- Terrain:
- upland plain (Deccan Plateau) in south, flat to rolling plain along the Ganges, deserts in west, Himalayas in north
- Elevation extremes:
- Lowest Point: Indian Ocean 0 m
- Highest Point: Kanchenjunga 8,598 m
- Natural Resources:
- coal (fourth-largest reserves in the world), iron ore, manganese, mica, bauxite, rare earth elements, titanium ore, chromite, natural gas, diamonds, petroleum, limestone, arable land
- Land use:
- Arable land: 47.87%
- Permanent crops:3.74%
- Other:48.39% (2011)
- Irrigated land: 663,340 sq km (2008)
- GDP (purchasing power parity):
- $42.06 billion (2013 est.)
- $40.57 billion (2012 est.)
- $38.7 billion (2011 est.)
- note: data are in 2013 US dollars
- GDP (official exchange rate):
- $19.34 billion (2013 est.)
- GDP - real growth rate:
- 3.6% (2013 est.)
- 4.9% (2012 est.)
- 3.4% (2011 est.)
- GDP - per capita (PPP):
- $1,500 (2013 est.)
- $1,500 (2012 est.)
- $1,400 (2011 est.)
- note: data are in 2013 US dollars
- Population:
- 1,236,344,631 (July 2014 est.)
- Age structure:
- 0-14 years: 28.5% (male 187,016,401/female 165,048,695)
- 15-24 years: 18.1% (male 118,696,540/female 105,342,764)
- 25-54 Years: 40.6% (male 258,202,535/ female 243,293,143)
- 55-64 Years: 7% (male 43,625,668 / female 43,175,111)
- 65 years and over: 5.7% (male 34,133,175/female 37,810,599) (2014 est.)
- Median age:
- total: 27 years
- male: 26.4 years
- female: 27.7 years (2014 est.)
- Population growth rate:
- 1.25% (2014 est.)
- Birth rate:
- 19.89 births/1,000 population (2014 est.)
- Death rate:
- 7.35 deaths/1,000 population (July 2014 est.)
- Net migration rate:
- -0.05 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2014 est.)
- Urbanization:
- urban population: 31% of total population (2011)
- rate of urbanization: 2.47% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
- Sex ratio:
- at birth: 1.12 male(s)/female
- under 15 years: 1.13 male(s)/female
- 15-24 Years: 1.13 male(s)/female
- 25-54 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
- 55-64 Years: 1.08 male(s)/female
- total population: 1.08 male(s)/female (2014 est.)
- total population:1.08 male(s)/female (2014 est.)
- Infant mortality rate:
- total: 43.19 deaths/1,000 live births
- male: 41.9 deaths/1,000 live births
- female: 44.63 deaths/1,000 live births (2014 est.)
- Life expectancy at birth:
- total population: 67.8 years
- male: 66.68 years
- female: 69.06 years (2014 est.)
- Total fertility rate:
- 2.51 children born/woman (2014 est.)
- Chief of state:
- President Pranab MUKHERJEE (since 22 July 2012); Vice President Mohammad Hamid ANSARI (since 11 August 2007)
- Head of government:
- Prime Minister Narendra MODI (since 26 May 2014)
- Cabinet:
- Union Council of Ministers appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister (For more information visit the World Leaders website )
- Elections:
- president elected by an electoral college consisting of elected members of both houses of Parliament and the legislatures of the states for a five-year term (no term limits); election last held in July 2012 (next to be held in July 2017); vice president elected by both houses of Parliament for a five-year term; election last held in August 2012 (next to be held in August 2017); prime minister chosen by parliamentary members of the majority party following legislative elections
- Election Results:
- Pranab MUKHERJEE elected president; percent of vote - Pranab MUKHERJEE 69.31%, Purno SANGMA - 30.69%
- Ethnic Groups:
- Indo-Aryan 72%, Dravidian 25%, Mongoloid and other 3% (2000)
- Languages:
- Hindi 41%, Bengali 8.1%, Telugu 7.2%, Marathi 7%, Tamil 5.9%, Urdu 5%, Gujarati 4.5%, Kannada 3.7%, Malayalam 3.2%, Oriya 3.2%, Punjabi 2.8%, Assamese 1.3%, Maithili 1.2%, other 5.9%
- Note: English enjoys the status of subsidiary official language but is the most important language for national, political, and commercial communication; Hindi is the most widely spoken language and primary tongue of 41% of the people; there are 14 other official languages: Bengali, Telugu, Marathi, Tamil, Urdu, Gujarati, Malayalam, Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Assamese, Kashmiri, Sindhi, and Sanskrit; Hindustani is a popular variant of Hindi/Urdu spoken widely throughout northern India but is not an official language (2001 census)
- Religions:
- Hindu 80.5%, Muslim 13.4%, Christian 2.3%, Sikh 1.9%, other 1.8%, unspecified 0.1% (2001 census)
Source: CIA World Factbook
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